PostgreSQL向量数据库支持

起因 AI so hit

LLM

PostgreSQL

install

https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/debian/

PostgreSQL 内置支持

从 PostgreSQL 16 开始，内置了对向量操作的支持：

   新增 vector数据类型
    支持基本的向量运算

pgvector 扩展

pgvector 是 PostgreSQL 最流行的向量搜索扩展，它允许：

on u24.04

Ubuntu 24.04


sudo apt install -y curl gnupg lsb-release
 2002  curl -fsSL https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/postgresql.gpg
 2003  echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
 2004  sudo apt update

 2006  psgl --version
 2007  sudo apt install -y postgresql-13 postgresql-client-13 postgresql-server-dev-13

 2010  psql --version
 2011  sudo systemctl start postgresql
 2012  sudo apt install -y git make gcc

 2015  git clone https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector.git
 2016  cd pgvector/
 2018  git  checkout v0.7.0
  2020  make 
 2022  make install 
 2023  sudo -i -u postgres 
 2024  sudo systemctl start postgresql
 2025  sudo -i -u postgres
 
 

postgres@racknerd-0955f20:~$ sudo systemctl start postgresql
[sudo] password for postgres: 
sudo: a password is required
postgres@racknerd-0955f20:~$ 
logout
root@racknerd-0955f20:~/pgvector# sudo systemctl start postgresql
root@racknerd-0955f20:~/pgvector# sudo -i -u postgres
postgres@racknerd-0955f20:~$ psql
psql (13.22 (Ubuntu 13.22-1.pgdg22.04+1))
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# CREATE DATABASE testdb;
ERROR:  database "testdb" already exists
postgres=# \c testdb
You are now connected to database "testdb" as user "postgres".
testdb=# CREATE EXTENSION vector;
CREATE EXTENSION
testdb=# CREATE TABLE items (id bigserial PRIMARY KEY, embedding vector(3));
CREATE TABLE
testdb=# INSERT INTO items (embedding) VALUES ('[1,2,3]');
INSERT 0 1
testdb=# SELECT * FROM items;
 id | embedding 
----+-----------
  1 | [1,2,3]
(1 row)

testdb=#